오쇠동수학 high school graduation, compared with 87 percent of White youth. Equity Indicator 1f: How Do Rates of Not Enrolling in Postsecondary Education within 8 or 10 Years of Expected High School Graduation Vary by Parents’ Socioeconomic Status (SES)? Indicator 1f documents the percent of young adults who reported that they had not enrolled in postsecondary education within 8 or 10 years of their scheduled high school graduation by parents’ socioeconomic status (SES), using data from the three NCES-sponsored high school longitudinal studies. SES is a composite that reflects parents’ and guardians’ highest level of education, occupation, and income. This composite is measured consistently across the three NCES longitudinal studies.40 Across the three longitudinal studies, the percent of youth who reported no participation in postsecondary education declined for all levels of SES, including those in the lowest SES quartile. Despite this progress, considerable differences in rates of non-enrollment based on SES persist. The percentage of youth in the lowest SES quartile reporting no postsecondary educational enrollment within 8 or 10 years of scheduled high school graduation declined from 52 percent of 1980 10th graders (HS&B), to 48 percent of 1988 8th graders (NELS), to 28 percent of 2002 10th graders (ELS). Nonetheless, in all three studies, young adults from the highest SES quartile average considerably lower rates of non-enrollment than those in the lowest SES quartile. Only 4 percent of those in the highest SES quartile in both 39 Because the National Longitudinal Study (NLS) of the class of 1972 began with high school seniors, we do not include these data in the trend analyses for Indicator 1. 40 SES is a composite measure that NCES derived in a comparable manner for the three high school longitudinal studies. NCES imputed SES for all sample members, including those with missing data for the parent income variable. We use the SES composite rather than family income for this indicator, as SES is considered more reliable than a single measure of family income. The latter tends to have a high rate of missing data and is subject to reporting error. Equity Indicator 1: Who Enrolls in Postsecondary Education? 41 ELS:2002 (sampled as 10th graders) and NELS:88 (sampled as 8th graders) reported no postsecondary enrollment within 8 or 10 years of high school graduation, down from 12 percent of 1980 10th graders (HS&B). Equity Indicator 1e: Percentage of young adults who reported enrolling in postsecondary education within 8 or 10 years of expected high school graduation by race/ethnicity: High School Longitudinal Studies (HS&B:1980/1992; NELS:1988/2000; ELS:2002/2012) Indicator Status: Persisting but Narrowing Gap The gap in postsecondary enrollment between Black and White youth narrowed from 8 percentage points for 1980 10th graders to 5 percentage points for 2002 10th graders. Over the same period the gap in postsecondary enrollment between Hispanic and White youth declined from 16 to 8 percentage points. NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. For ELS, the “American Indian/Alaska Native/Other” category includes college enrollment rates for students of “other” racial/ethnic groups, including American Indians/Alaska Natives, as the sample size for American Indian/Alaska Natives alone was too small for reliable estimates. ELS and HS&B began tracking students when they were in the 10th grade in high school. NELS:88 began with 8th grade. SOURCE: Lauff, E. & Ingels, S. J. (2014). Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS:2002): A First Look at 2002 High School Sophomores 10 Years Later (NCES 2014-363). U.S. Department of Education; Ingels, S. J., Kaufman, P., Curtin, T. R., Alt, M. N. & Chen, X. (2002). Initial Results from the Fourth Follow-up to the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988: Coming of Age in the 1990s: The Eighth-Grade Class of 1988 12 Years Later (NCES 2002-321). U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement; Tuma, J. , Geis, S., & Carroll (1995). High School and Beyond Educational
카테고리 없음