외발산동수학 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 33% 51% 34% 59% 41% 66% 78% 78% White Black Hispanic Asian Equity Indicator 1c(i): Cohort College Participation Rates of recent high school leavers by race/ethnicity: 1976 to 2016 Indicator Status: Gaps Persist by Race/Ethnicity Among high school leavers, Cohort College Participation Rates in 2016 were 15 percentage points higher for Whites than for Blacks, and 7 percentage points higher for Whites than for Hispanics. In 1976, college participation rates were 8 percentage points higher for White high school leavers than for Blacks and 7 percentage points higher than for Hispanics. Since 1976, the gap in college participation between Whites and Blacks has not only persisted but widened. NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity except where otherwise noted. The Cohort College Participation Rate is tabulated based on the total number in the cohort year and includes those who have not completed high school. Data for Asian students were reported beginning in 1998. Annual data collected by Census and reported by BLS are from the October supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a nationwide survey of about 60,000 households. Numbers are revised slightly from those reported previously. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and U.S. Census Bureau, 1976-2016, as adapted by Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Educational Opportunity (PEO) Newsletters and data base, College Entrance Rates by Race/Ethnicity for Recent High School Graduates 1960 to 2016. 36 2018 Equity Indicators Report 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 51% 59% 66% 78% 78% 42% 43% 46% 72% 67% 58% 57% 83% 70% 64% 71% 83% 85% 81% 79% Fourth (Highest) Income Quartile Third Income Quartile Second Income Quartile First (Lowest) Income Quartile Asian Black Hispanic White Equity Indicator 1c(ii): Cohort College Participation Rates of recent high school leavers by race/ethnicity and family income quartile: 2016 Indicator Status: Observed differences in college participation rates by race/ethnicity are reduced when race/ethnicity is disaggregated by family income quartile. NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. The Cohort College Participation Rate is tabulated based on the total number in the age group and includes those who have not completed high school. Annual data collected by Census and reported by BLS are from the October supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a nationwide survey of about 60,000 households. Caution is needed in using these data and comparing small differences in estimates across race/ethnicity categories. Due to small sample sizes, estimates for disaggregated data have larger sampling errors than estimates for the total. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and U.S. Census Bureau, 1976-2016, as adapted by Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Educational Opportunity (PEO) data base, College Entrance Rates by Race/Ethnicity for Recent High School Graduates 1960 to 2016. Equity Indicator 1: Who Enrolls in Postsecondary Education? 37 Equity Indicator 1d(i): How Do High School Graduates College Continuation Rates Vary by Race/Ethnicity? Indicator 1d(i) uses CPS data to show variations by race/ethnicity in college continuation rates for recent high school graduates. This Indicator differs from Indicator 1c(i) in that high school completers with a regular diploma or a GED are the denominator rather than the entire age cohort of students. Therefore, high school graduates college continuation rates are higher than the cohort college participation rates displayed in Indicators 1c(i) and 1c(ii).37 As with Indicators 1c(i) and 1c(ii) caution is needed in interpreting Indicator 1d due to larger sampling errors with disaggregated data, and changes in the race/ethnicity definitions and inclusions. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Prior to 2003, Asian data include Pacific Islanders and after 2002, White, Black, and Asian data exclude persons of Two or More Races. Because of sampling error concerns due to relatively smaller sample sizes, we report a 3-year
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