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of increase over this period, the gap in postsecondary education enrollment between those in the lowest and highest family income quartiles is smaller in 2016 (32 percentage points) than in 1970 (46 percentage points) and in 1990 (43 percentage points). Equity Indicator 1b: How Do High School Graduates College Continuation Rates Vary by Family Income? Equity Indicator 1b shows similar trends in high school graduates college continuation rates by family income quartile. For high school graduates in the highest family income quartile, the college continuation rate was 87 percent in 2016, up from 79 percent in 1990 (and 79 percent in 1970). For high school graduates in the lowest 33 Cahalan, M., Ingles, S., Burns, L., & Planty, M. (2006). United States High School Sophomores: A Twenty-Two Year Comparison, 1980- 2002, Statistical Analysis Report (NCES 2006-327). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. 34 In the 2015 to 2017 editions of the Indicators report, we used the term Cohort College Continuation Rate. In the 2018 edition we use Cohort College Participation Rate to avoid confusion with the High School Graduates College Continuation Rate. The former includes all members of a given age cohort, whereas the latter includes only high school graduates. Since 1990, college participation rates have shown higher rates of increase for students from the lowest income quartile than for the three higher income quartiles which show little change. Nonetheless, college participation rates remained 32 percentage points lower for students from the lowest income quartile than those from the highest quartile in 2016. 32 2018 Equity Indicators Report quartile, the college continuation rate was 61 percent in 2016, up from 48 percent in 1990 (and 46 percent in 1970). The gap in college continuation rates for high school graduates in the highest and lowest income quartiles was 26 percentage points in 2016, down from 31 percentage points in 1990 (and 33 percentage points in 1970). 28% 46% 47% 57% 59% 70% 74% 78% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 1960 1970 1980 1990 2010 2000 2020 Second Income Quartile Third Income Quartile Fourth (Highest) Income Quartile First (Lowest) Income Quartile Equity Indicator 1a: Cohort College Participation Rates by family income quartile for recent school leavers: 1970 to 2016 Indicator Status: High Inequality but Narrowing Gap There was a 32 percentage-point gap in college enrollment between high school leavers in the highest and lowest income quartiles in 2016, compared with a 43 percentage-point gap in 1990 and a 46 percentage-point gap in 1970. NOTE: The Cohort College Participation Rate is tabulated based on the total number in the cohort year and includes those who have not completed high school. Information on school enrollment and work activity is collected monthly in the Current Population Survey (CPS), a nationwide survey of about 60,000 households, which provides information on employment and unemployment. Each October, a supplement to the CPS gathers information about school enrollment. SOURCE: Calculated from October Current Population Survey File (formerly Table 14 in Census Bureau’s School Enrollment Report), U.S. Census Bureau; School Enrollment Data, 1970-2016, compiled by Tom Mortenson. Equity Indicator 1: Who Enrolls in Postsecondary Education? 33 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1960 1970 1980 1990 2010 2000 2020 46% 61% 56% 68% 64% 79% 79% 87% Second Income Quartile Third Income Quartile Fourth (Highest) Income Quartile First (Lowest) Income Quartile Equity Indicator 1b: High School Graduates College Continuation Rates by family income quartile: 1970 to 2016 Indicator Status: High Inequality but Narrowing Gap There was a 26 percentage-point gap in college continuation rates between high school graduates in the highest and lowest income quartiles in 2016, compared with a 31 percentage-point gap in 1990 and a 33 percentage-point gap in 1970. NOTE: The High School Graduates College Continuation Rate is the percent of 16- to 24-year-old high school graduates who entered a postsecondary카테고리 없음