강서구수학 achievement of youth, as measured by such indicators as NAEP scores, high 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% White Some other race Two or more races Black American Indian/Alaska Native Pacific Islander Hispanic Asian 2010 2015 38% 34% 55% 50% 61% 57% 61% 56% 80% 76% 83% 79% 84% 82% 84% 82% STS Figure 7b: Percentage of children under 18 with the potential to be firstgeneration college by race/ethnicity: 2010 and 2015 NOTE: First generation is defined as no parent or guardian has a bachelor’s degree. These estimates are not directly comparable to estimates in STS Figure 7a as they reflect multiple children per household and are estimates based on parents of children under age 18 from the Census household survey. SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (2010 and 2015) as included in Digest of Education Statistics 2016 [Table 10.70]. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d16/tables/dt16_104.70.asp?current=yes. Introduction: Setting The Stage 21 school completion, and college entrance and completion.16 Using 2005 and 2015 data from the Census Bureau, American Community Survey, STS Figure 7c displays the percent of the population age 25 to 64 that has attained a bachelor’s degree or higher. In 2015, the percentage of adults age 25 to 64 with at least a bachelor’s degree ranged from less than 25 percent in West Virginia (21 percent), Mississippi (21 percent), Arkansas (23 percent), and Nevada (23 percent), to 40 percent in Maryland, Connecticut, New Jersey, and Colorado and 44 percent in Massachusetts. 16 Cahalan, M., & Maxwell, J. (2007). Exploring demographic and selected state policy correlates of state level educational attainment and achievement indicators. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/chearsdotorg/exploring-demographic-and-selected-state-policy-correlates-of-state-leveleducational-attainment-and-achievement-indicators-aera2007-cahalan. 2015 2005 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 5 35% 40% 45% 0% Kentucky Louisiana Nevada West Virgninia Mississippi Arkansas Alabama Oklahoma New Mexico Wyoming Idaho Indiana Tennessee South Carolina Arizona Ohio South Dakota Florida Iowa Texas Michigan Alaska Missouri Maine Wisconsin North Carolina Georgia Montana North Dakota Hawaii United States Utah Pennsylvania Nebraska Delaware California Oregon Kansas Rhode Island Washington Illinois Minnesota New Hampshire Vermont New York Virginia Colorado New Jersey Connecticut Maryland Massachusetts 23% 21% 22% 21% 19% 20% 20% 23% 24% 26% 25% 25% 23% 24% 26% 25% 27% 27% 27% 26% 27% 28% 26% 27% 27% 27% 29% 28% 29% 30% 29% 29% 29% 30% 30% 31% 29% 30% 32% 32% 32% 33% 34% 35% 34% 36% 37% 38% 38% 37% 40% 30% 25% 24% 23% 21% 21% 23% 25% 25% 25% 26% 26% 27% 27% 28% 28% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% 30% 30% 30% 31% 31% 31% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 33% 33% 33% 35% 35% 35% 37% 37% 37% 37% 39% 40% 40% 40% 40% 44% STS Figure 7c: Percentage of adults age 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2005 and 2015 SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2005 and 2015 as included in NCHEMS Information Center http://www. higheredinfo.org/dbrowser/?level=nation&mode=data&state=0&submeasure=250. 22 2018 Equity Indicators Report The states with the largest percent increases in educational attainment between 2005 and 2015 were Kentucky (17 percent), Tennessee (16 percent), Indiana (15 percent), North Carolina (15 percent), and South Carolina (15 percent). Income and Wealth Inequality in the United States. Past editions of the Indicators reports document differences in college enrollment, completion, and attainment by income levels and other demographic characteristics. In this 2018 edition, we begin to look more closely at the association of equity distribution levels and educational attainment. STS Figures 8a to 8e present information on the distribution of income and wealth in the United States.17 The data come from the Census Bureau’s household Current Population Survey (CPS),18 the Internal Revenue Services’ (IRS) Statistics of Income (SOI) data compiled from
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