천호동수학 See Digest of Education Statistics 2017, table 605.10. A country’s wealth (defined as GDP per capita) is positively associated with its education expenditures per FTE student at the elementary/secondary and postsecondary levels. In 2014, of the 15 countries with a GDP per capita greater than the OECD average, 14 countries also had elementary/secondary education expenditures per FTE student that were higher than the OECD average. These 14 countries were Norway, Switzerland, the United States, Austria, the Netherlands, Denmark, Australia, Germany, Sweden, Canada, Belgium, Iceland, Finland, and the United Kingdom. The exception was Ireland, which had lower elementary/ secondary expenditures per FTE student than the OECD average ($9,200 vs. $9,600). Of the 18 countries with a GDP per capita lower than the OECD average, 15 countries also had elementary/ secondary education expenditures per FTE student that were lower than the OECD average. These 15 countries were New Zealand, Italy, Israel, Spain, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Estonia, Turkey, Hungary, Poland, Chile, Latvia, and Mexico. The exceptions were France, Japan, and the Republic of Korea, which had expenditures per FTE student at the elementary/secondary level that were higher than the OECD average. The Condition of Education 2018 | 6 Chapter: 4/International Comparisons Section: Finances Education Expenditures by Country Figure 4. Expenditures per full-time-equivalent (FTE) student for postsecondary education in selected Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita: 2014 — Linear relationship between spending and country wealth for 33 OECD countries reporting data (postsecondary): r2 = .65; slope = 0.39; intercept = 28. NOTE: Data for Luxembourg are excluded from the figure because of anomalies in that country’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita data (large revenues from international finance institutions in Luxembourg distort the wealth of the country’s population). Data for Greece are excluded because data on expenditures were not available in 2014. Expenditures for International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 4 (postsecondary non-highereducation) are excluded from postsecondary education unless otherwise noted. Data on expenditures for Japan and Portugal include postsecondary nonhigher-education. Data on expenditures for Canada, Denmark, the Slovak Republic, and Switzerland include public institutions only. Data on expenditures for Switzerland exclude occupation-specific education corresponding to that offered at the vocational associate’s degree level in the United States. Data adjusted to U.S. dollars using the purchasing power parity (PPP) index. Constant dollars based on national Consumer Price Indexes available on the OECD database cited in the source note below. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance 2017; and Online Education Database, retrieved December 1, 2017, from http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx. See Digest of Education Statistics 2017, table 605.10. At the postsecondary level, 13 of the 15 countries with a GDP per capita that was higher than the OECD average also had education expenditures per FTE student that were higher than the OECD average. The two exceptions were Ireland and Iceland, both of which had lower expenditures per FTE student at the postsecondary level ($14,100 and $11,800, respectively) than the OECD average ($16,400). Of the 18 countries with a lower GDP per capita than the OECD average, 16 countries had education expenditures per FTE student that were lower than the OECD average at the postsecondary level. The two exceptions were Japan and France; both countries reported higher postsecondary expenditures per FTE student ($18,100 and $16,500, respectively) than the OECD average. The Condition of Education 2018 | 7 Chapter: 4/International Comparisons Section: Finances Education Expenditures by Country Figure 5. Government and private expenditures on education institutions
카테고리 없음